腹壁可聚焦肿物的超声鉴别（二）

Miscellaneous Lesions 其他病变.. Urachal Cyst 叉尿管病变A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )叉尿管病变见于叉和鼻腔之间，通常地处叉尿管的下1/3 ，但也可见于极少地处叉下。这些病变可体现为显然无；也或低；也。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 布11A，叉尿管病变，此病变已受感染，内外含有稀薄；也的液体。B，叉尿管病变，错愕的病变前壁产生反射伪影。

..Endometriosis胎盘肾脏上皮细胞Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).浸润胎盘肾脏上皮细胞是胎盘动手术后的长期合并症，无特殊体现，但可于在此之前手术后的瘢痕附近见一发散肿物，并有周期持续性的疼痛和肿胀。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 布12 ，剖宫产伤疤附近胎盘肾脏上皮细胞

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 浸润血肿A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).腹直肌鞘血肿可发生痉挛持续性咳嗽后、喷嚏或痉挛痉挛后，其深层次通常是抗凝治疗或出血持续性病因。由于血肿上限于腹直肌鞘内，通常不很大，其菱形根据所附近一段距离而定，在前端两条路线以上，血肿常为长圆形，公转周期呈上下方向，可于外侧见到（布13A）；在前端两条路线此表，由于腹两条两条路线缺如，可扩张偏西中两条路线，因此血肿体现为分管状，其较大长度地处横轴上。在产妇浸润血肿可见于叉上横向扩张（布13B、C）。术后弥散持续性血管内炎症的病患者可于浸润手术后瘢痕附近见到大的血肿（布13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 布13A，一中年妇女更为严重咳嗽后腹直肌鞘血肿，斜两条路线指示腹横脾脏。B，产妇浸润血肿。C，一产妇叉静脉填充附近上面的浸润血肿。UV，叉静脉。D，一弥散持续性血管内炎症的剖宫产术后病患者脸部附近浸润血肿。

分页: [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] 总编： 张靖